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Brightness, Contrast and Color
- Brightness and contrast should be adjusted to present the subject and background accurately
- Photos without proper contrast or color may obscure unique facial features
- Color should reproduce natural skin tones
- Fluorescent or other lighting with unbalanced color may cause unwanted color cast in the photo
- Appropriate filters can eliminate improper color balance
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Head Position and Background
- Head should be positioned directly facing the camera
- Photo should capture from slightly above top of hair to middle of chest
- Eyes should be open and looking at the camera
- Eyeglasses should be worn if normally used by the subject
- Glare on eyeglasses can usually be avoided with a slight upward or downward tilt of the head
- Background should be plain white or off-white
- Include headpieces if worn daily for religious purposes; they should not obscure or cast shadows on the eyes or any other part of the face
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Exposure and Lighting
- Over-exposure or under-exposure may render the photo unusable
- Three-point balanced lighting is strongly recommended (see Figure 1)
- Facial features should be clearly evident in the photo
- Lighting should be adjusted to avoid shadows on the face or background
- Diffuse sources of light, such as umbrella lights, are preferable to point sources
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Resolution and Printing Quality
- High-resolution photography and printing are strongly recommended
- Both conventional and digital photography are acceptable, and conventional or digital printing methods may be used
- Resulting print should exhibit a continuous-tone quality regardless of the print method used (dye sublimation, ink jet, laser, etc.)
- Digitally printed photos should be produced without visible pixels or dot patterns
- Fine facial features should be discernible
- The entire face should be in focus
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